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 <b data-is-speakable=””>Once seen as a war hero, Australian ex-soldier will stand trial for alleged war crimes</b> <b data-is-speakable=””>Until a few years ago, Ben Roberts-Smith was one of Australia’s most celebrated war heroes. But now, he will stand trial for alleged war crimes committed in Afghanistan.</b>
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Beranda Berita Dulu dianggap sebagai pahlawan perang, mantan tentara Australia akan diadili atas dugaan...






